Kurzes Samba Beipiel (Freigabe)

Man kann mittels Samba einen (fast) kompletten WindowsNT-Server emulieren, mitsamt Benutzerautenzifizierung.

In kleinen Netzwerken (z.B. auf Computerspiel-Sessions, im Heimnetzwerk oder auch kleiner Server in einem Firmennetzwerk) kommt es auch vor, das man allen Benutzern ohne Eingabe eines Passwortes Verzeichnisse zum Up oder Download zur Verfügung stellen will. Als Beispiel seien hier die bekannten Windowsnetzlaufwerke zu nennen, wie sie oft auch in Firmennetzwerken zu finden sind. (Meist werden sie unbemerkt mit dem Server verbunden und sind wie ein normales Laufwerk zu bedienen).

Ich habe zu Hause einen einen Windows-Laptop über Samba mit einem Linuxrechner vernetzt, der mir als Fileserver dient. Ich poste hier meine smb.conf ohne Garantie, dass sie sicher, richtig konfiguriert ist und auf jedem Rechner läuft.

Ich benutze Mandrake 7.1 und Samba 2.0.6. Auf das Config-File will ich NICHT im Detail eingehen, dazu sollte man besser die man-Pages lesen (Samba ist SEHR mächtig!), sondern vielmehr meine Lösung darstellen. (Anm.Diese Konfiguration ist zwar aus früheren Zeiten es hat sich seither aber nichts wesentliches geändert.)

Vorraussetzung ist, das man bereits eine Netzwerkverbindung hat und Samba installiert ist. der Linuxrechner sollte in der Netzwerkumgebung von Windows schon sichtbar sein. Dazu sollte schon eine Sambakonfiguration in groben Zügen vorhanden sein. Evtl. muss man auch einige Minuten warten, bis der Rechner in der Netzwerkumgebung zu sehen ist.

# This is the main Samba configuration file. You should read the
# smb.conf(5) manual page in order to understand the options listed
# here. Samba has a huge number of configurable options (perhaps too
# many!) most of which are not shown in this example
#
# Any line which starts with a ; (semi-colon) or a # (hash)
# is a comment and is ignored. In this example we will use a #
# for commentry and a ; for parts of the config file that you
# may wish to enable
#
# NOTE: Whenever you modify this file you should run the command
# "testparm"to check that you have not many any basic syntactic
# errors.
#
# ===================== Global Settings ========================
[global]

# workgroup = NT-Domain-Name or Workgroup-Name
    workgroup = workgroup


# server string is the equivalent of the NT Description field
    server string = Baitronic Samba Server

# This option is important for security. It allows you to restrict
# connections to machines which are on your local network. The
# following example restricts access to two C class networks and
# the "loopback" interface. For more examples of the syntax see
# the smb.conf man page
   hosts allow = 192. 127.
#WICHTIG!! MAN MUSS UNBEDINGT DIE IP-BEREICHE EINTRAGEN


# if you want to automatically load your printer list rather
# than setting them up individually then you'll need this
;    printcap name = /etc/printcap
;    load printers = no

# It should not be necessary to spell out the print system type unless
# yours is non-standard. Currently supported print systems include:
# bsd, sysv, plp, lprng, aix, hpux, qnx
;   printing = bsd

# Uncomment this if you want a guest account, you must add this to 
# /etc/passwd otherwise the user "nobody" is used
  guest account = nobody

# this tells Samba to use a separate log file for each machine
# that connects
    log file = /var/log/samba/log.%m

# Put a capping on the size of the log files (in Kb).
    max log size = 50

# Security mode. Most people will want user level security. See
# security_level.txt for details.
    security = share
# Use password server option only with security = server
;   password server = 

# Password Level allows matching of _n_ characters of the password for
# all combinations of upper and lower case.
;  password level = 8
;  username level = 8

# You may wish to use password encryption. Please read
# ENCRYPTION.txt, Win95.txt and WinNT.txt in the Samba documentation.
# Do not enable this option unless you have read those documents
;  encrypt passwords = yes
;  smb passwd file = /etc/smbpasswd

# The following are needed to allow password changing from Windows to
# update the Linux sytsem password also.
# NOTE: Use these with 'encrypt passwords' and 'smb passwd file' above.
# NOTE2: You do NOT need these to allow workstations to change only
#        the encrypted SMB passwords. They allow the Unix password
#        to be kept in sync with the SMB password.
;  unix password sync = Yes
;  passwd program = /usr/bin/passwd %u
;  passwd chat = *New*UNIX*password* %n\n *ReType*new*UNIX*password* 
         %n\n *passwd:*all*authentication*tokens*updated*successfully*

# Unix users can map to different SMB User names
;  username map = /etc/smbusers

# Using the following line enables you to customise your configuration
# on a per machine basis. The %m gets replaced with the netbios name
# of the machine that is connecting
;   include = /etc/smb.conf.%m

# Most people will find that this option gives better performance.
# See speed.txt and the manual pages for details
    socket options = TCP_NODELAY SO_RCVBUF=8192 SO_SNDBUF=8192

# Configure Samba to use multiple interfaces
# If you have multiple network interfaces then you must list them
# here. See the man page for details.
;   interfaces = 192.168.12.2/24 192.168.13.2/24

# Configure remote browse list synchronisation here
#  request announcement to, or browse list sync from:
#       a specific host or from / to a whole subnet (see below)
;   remote browse sync = 192.168.3.25 192.168.5.255
# Cause this host to announce itself to local subnets here
;   remote announce = 192.168.1.255 192.168.2.44

# Browser Control Options:
# set local master to no if you don't want Samba to become a master
# browser on your network. Otherwise the normal election rules apply
;   local master = no

# OS Level determines the precedence of this server in master browser
# elections. The default value should be reasonable
;   os level = 33

# Domain Master specifies Samba to be the Domain Master Browser. This
# allows Samba to collate browse lists between subnets. Don't use this
# if you already have a Windows NT domain controller doing this job
;   domain master = yes

# Preferred Master causes Samba to force a local browser election on
# startup and gives it a slightly higher chance of winning the election
;   preferred master = yes

# Use only if you have an NT server on your network that has been
# configured at install time to be a primary domain controller.
;   domain controller = 

# Enable this if you want Samba to be a domain logon server for
# Windows95 workstations.
;   domain logons = yes

# if you enable domain logons then you may want a per-machine or
# per user logon script
# run a specific logon batch file per workstation (machine)
;   logon script = %m.bat
# run a specific logon batch file per username
;   logon script = %U.bat

# Where to store roving profiles (only for Win95 and WinNT)
#        %L substitutes for this servers netbios name, %U is username
#        You must uncomment the [Profiles] share below
;   logon path = \\%L\Profiles\%U

# All NetBIOS names must be resolved to IP Addresses
# 'Name Resolve Order' allows the named resolution mechanism to be
# specified the default order is "host lmhosts wins bcast". "host"
# means use the unixsystem gethostbyname() function call that will
# use either /etc/hosts OR DNS or NIS depending on the settings of 
# /etc/host.config, /etc/nsswitch.conf and the /etc/resolv.conf
# file. "host" therefore is system configuration dependant. This
# parameter is most often of use to prevent DNS lookups in order
# to resolve NetBIOS names to IP Addresses. Use with care! The
# example below excludes use of name resolution for machines that
# are NOT on the local network segment - OR - are not
# deliberately to be known via lmhosts or via WINS.
 name resolve order = wins lmhosts bcast

# Windows Internet Name Serving Support Section:
# WINS Support - Tells the NMBD component of Samba to enable it's
# WINS Server
   wins support = yes

# WINS Server - Tells the NMBD components of Samba to be a WINS Client
#       Note: Samba can be either a WINS Server, or a WINS Client, but
# NOT both
;   wins server = w.x.y.z

# WINS Proxy - Tells Samba to answer name resolution queries on
# behalf of a non WINS capable client, for this to work there must be
# at least one  WINS Server on the network. The default is NO.
;   wins proxy = yes

# DNS Proxy - tells Samba whether or not to try to resolve NetBIOS names
# via DNS nslookups. The built-in default for versions 1.9.17 is yes,
# this has been changed in version 1.9.18 to no.
    dns proxy = no
    unix password sync = no
    encrypt passwords = no
    map to guest = never
    password level = 0
    null passwords = yes
    os level = 0
    preferred master = no
    domain master = no
    wins support = yes
    dead time = 0
    debug level = 0
    domain logons = yes

# Case Preservation can be handy - system default is _no_
# NOTE: These can be set on a per share basis
;  preserve case = no
;  short preserve case = no
# Default case is normally upper case for all DOS files
;  default case = lower
# Be very careful with case sensitivity - it can break things!
;  case sensitive = no

# ======================== Share Definitions ========================
;[homes]
;    comment = Home Directories
;    browseable = no
;    writable = no
;    available = no
;    public = no
;    only user = no

# Un-comment the following and create the netlogon directory 
# for Domain Logons
; [netlogon]
;   comment = Network Logon Service
;   path = /home/netlogon
;   guest ok = yes
;   writable = no
;   share modes = no


# Un-comment the following to provide a specific roving profile share
# the default is to use the user's home directory
;[Profiles]
;    path = /home/profiles
;    browseable = no
;    guest ok = yes


# NOTE: If you have a BSD-style print system there is no need to
# specifically define each individual printer
;[printers]
;    comment = All Printers
;    path = /var/spool/samba
;    browseable = no
# Set public = yes to allow user 'guest account' to print
;    public = no
;    writable = no
;    printable = no
;    available = no
;[/]
;    comment = root
;    available = yes
;    browseable = yes
;    public = yes
;    guest only = no
;    writable = no
;    only user = no
;[netlogon]
;    available = yes


#---------------------- Baitronic Systems Inc. -----------------------

;[freigabe]
;  comment = Freigabe fuer Gast
;  browsable = yes
;  writable = no
;  path = /freigabe
;  force create mode = 700
;  force group = nobody
;  public = yes  
;  guest only = yes

[freigabe]
  comment = Freigabe fuer up/download
  browsable = yes
  available = yes
  writable = yes
  path = /freigabe
  force create mode = 775
  force group = nobody
  public = yes

[test]
 comment = Testfreigabe fuer alle
 browsable = yes
 available = yes
 writable = yes
 path = /test
 force create mode = 755
 force group = nobody
public = yes

[httpd]  
  comment = Freigabe fuer Webserver
  browsable = yes
  available = yes
  writable = yes
  path = /home/httpd
  force create mode = 775
  force group = nobody
  public = yes

Hier nochmal die smb.conf als Textdatei zum direkten download (empfohlen).